Electric conductor for electric machines and apparatus



Dec. 31, 1929. L. KOUBA 1,741,420

ELECTRIC CONDUCTOR FOR ELECTRIC MACHINES AND APPARATUS Filed July 8,192'? LUDW'IG Koubk INVENT Patented Dec. 31, 1929 UNETE STATES PATENTFFIE LUDVTIG KOUBA, F PILSEN, GZECL IOSZLGVAKIA, TO AK'IIENG-ESELLSCHAFTVORMALS SKOIDAWERKE IN PILSEN, 0F PRAGUE, CZECl-IOSLOVAKIA, A CORPORA-TION OF OZEGI-IOSLOVAKIA ELECTRIC CONDUCTOR FOR ELECTRIC MACHINES ANDAPPARATUS Application filed July 8, 1927, Serial No. 204,216, and. inGzeehoslovakia July 16,1926.

This invention relates to electric conductors for electric machines andapparatus. It has already been proposed to subdivide conductors of thisclass having a comparatively large transverse sectioned area into aplurality of individual conductors connected with each other in paralleland insulated from each other for the purpose of reducing the skineiiect, and for preventing a non-uniform distribution of the currentover the entire transverse section of the concuctor, more particularlyif such conductors are located in grooves of electric machines, or aresubjectto external magnetic actions. The problem to be solved by suchconductors is to so arrange the individual conductors, that theelectromotive forces induced in the same are equal as nearly aspossibleand that no equalizing currents are set up between the same and thelosses resulting from such equalizing currents are avoided.

The object of the present invention is to solve this problem forconductors composed of a plurality of groups located side byside each ofsuch groups comprising a plurality of superposed individual conductors.With this object in view the present invention consists essentially inthat each individual conductor is provided with at least one bend eX-tending from one individual conductor over the top of its own group,then laterally downwards and then across the bottom of the groups toanother group in which the said individual conductor continues.

Fig. 1 of the drawing shows by way of eX- ample a constructional form ofan electric conductor embodying the present invention; Fig. 2 is a planview, Fig. 2 is a vertical and Fig. 2 is a lateral view of part of anindividual conductor. Figs. 3 3 3 are similar views of a modifiedindividual conductor; Fig. 4 illustrates another constructional form ofan entire conductor according to the present invention; Fig. 5 is a planView and Fig.

5 5* is an end View of part of an individual conductor.

In Fig. 1 an electric conductor is shown which comprises two groups 1, 2of conductors, each group comprising a plurality of superposedindividual conductors. These 1ndividual conductors pass step by stepfrom one level to another in the composite conductor and simultaneouslyfrom one group of the individual conductors to the other group. This iseiiected by providing the individual conductors with bends 00 so shapedthat they pass first across the group of the individual conductor, thenlaterally downwards then across both groups and end in a straightportion forming part of the other group. A suitable form of the bend 0aof a band shaped individual conductor for this constructional form ofthe entire conductor is shown in Figs. 2 2 and 2 and also in Figs. 3 33. In Figs. 2, 2 2 the bend w of an individual conductor is shown inthree different Views, and is so shaped that the individual conductorpasses from the top of the group 1 to the bottom of group 1. In Figs. 3,3 3", a bend at of an individual conductor is shown which bend is soshaped that the individual conductor passes from the top of group 1 tothe bottom of group 2. It will be noted that according to the inventionall bends are of the same length, so also all the individual conductorshave the same length throughout per unit of length of the entireconductor.

In Fig. 4: an electric conductor is shown having four groups locatedside by side each, group being formed by a plurality of superposedindividual conductors. In this case again the individual conductors chan'e positions step by step, the bends :0 being so shaped that theindividual conductors of any of the outer group, say of the group 1extend on top over their own group, pass downwards laterally andextending across the bottoms of all groups pass into the other outergroup, say 4. The bends oi' the two inner groups, say of the group 2 areso shaped that the bend of each individual conductor extends over thetop of its own group and the adjacent outer group, passes downwardslaterally and then across the bottoms of the groups up to the otherinner group, say 3 into which it enters. The bends of all individualconductors follow each other in such a manner that the bends of eachindividual conductor are at equal distances from each other. The shapeof all individual cond .c-

tors of the eXample illustrated in Fig. 4 prior to forming therein thebends for var5 ing their level is shown in Fig. 5. The lengths of thebonds of all individual conductors and also of each individual conductorper unit of length of the entire conductor are again equal.

The details of the construction and combination of the individualconductors and the en re conductors built up therefrom may be Vfllfhlwithout departing from the essence of my invention. Thus instead of theband shaped indivlual conductors shown also individual. conductors oi.another transverse section or wires may be used and the individualconductors may be insulated 'l'roin each other in any desired manner.

The manufacture of the iii-tire conductors according to the preseninvention is very simple as will be readily understood from the drawing.Also the insulation between the individual conductors and the insulationof the bends may be readily provided for. The conductors are ofsufiicient mechanical strength and safety against short circuiting evenif they comprise a plurality of groups as above described.

What I claim is:

1. In an electric conductor the combination of two groups of superposedindividual conductors, such groups being located side by side, eachindividual conductor being provided with at least one bend extendingfrom one individual conductor over the top of its own group, thenlaterally downwards and then across the bottom of both groups to thesecond group in which the said individual conductor continues.

2. In an electric conductor the combination of four groups of superposedindividual conductors, such groups being located side by side, eachindividual conductor being provided with a least one bendextending fromone individual. conductor ot one outer group over the top oi its group,then laterally downwards, then across the bottom t all tour groups tothe other outer group where such individual conductor continues and eachndividual conductor of an inner group having at least one bend extendingacross the top of its own group and the adjacent outer group, thenlaterally downwards, then across the bottoms of the groups up to theother inner group where such individual conductor centinues.

In an electric conductor the combination 01 several groups of superposed1nd1- vidual conductors. such roups being located side bv side, eachindividual conductor being provided with at least one bend extendingfrom one individual conductor over the top of its own group, thenlaterally d ownwards and then across the bottom or the groups to anothergroup in which the said individual conductor continues.

41. In an electric conductor the combina' tion of an even number ofgroups of super posed individual conductors, such groups being locatedside by side, each individual conductor being provided with at least onebend extending from one individual conductor of one outer group over thetop of its group, then laterally downwards, then across the bottom ofall groups to the other outer group where such individual conductorcoi'itinues and each individual conductor of any inner group having atleast one bend extending across the top of its own group and theadjacent outer group, then laterally downwards, then across the bottomsof the groups up to the other inner group where such individualconductor continues.

an electric conductor the combination of an even number of groups ofsuperposed individual conductors, such groups being located side byside, each individual conductor being provided with at least one bendextending from one individual conductor over the top of its own groupthen laterally downwards, then across the bottom of the groups andcontinuing at the bottom of another group, the composite conductorconsisting of halves relatively turned through 180 degrees.

In testimony whereof I aiiix my signature.

LUDWIG KOUBA.

